水簾降溫做好這5點，多用很多年！

6月13日，Hog Slat分享了一份隧道通風系統(tǒng)故障排除指南，從風機配置、百葉窗、皮帶、皮帶輪、軸承、喇叭口、卷簾布、水簾系統(tǒng)等方面指導分析了豬場日常隧道通風系統(tǒng)的維護和保養(yǎng)工作。（豬場通風出問題，美國Hog Slat有良方，輕松自己搞定！）今天Hog Slat繼續(xù)給大家?guī)硭煹木S護和保養(yǎng)分享，希望能給使用水簾降溫的豬場客戶帶來一些借鑒和思考。

水簾降溫主要是利用水蒸發(fā)過程中水吸收空氣中的熱量，使空氣溫度下降的物理學原理。豬場在使用水簾降溫時，常會遇到水簾堵塞嚴重；水簾紙?zhí)崆袄匣?；水泵另一端的水簾紙變干或者出現(xiàn)條紋等問題。然而，這些絕大多數(shù)問題的產(chǎn)生，都是因為沒有做好水簾的日常維護和保養(yǎng)。具體內(nèi)容，請一起來看Hog Slat總部的工程師Tyler Marion是怎么說的。（見下文中英文）

"When it comes to evaporative cooling most of the equipment problems we see are failures to do routine maintenance," explained Tyler Marion, an engineer with Hog Slat Inc. located in Newton Grove, NC. "Evaporative cooling is really a pretty simple concept, but you have to perform basic maintenance tasks to keep the system operating correctly."  

“當說到水簾降溫時，我們碰到的絕大多數(shù)問題是因為沒有做好日常維護?！盩yler Marion，Hog Slat美國總部（牛頓格魯夫，北卡羅來納州）的工程師說道?！八熃禍卣娴氖且粋€很簡單的理念，但是你必須要做好基本的維護工作來保持系統(tǒng)的正常運行?！?/p>

Flush, Don't Bleed 沖洗，排水

A standard industry practice involves "bleeding-off" a percentage of the recirculation water to prevent a buildup of scale on the pads. Scale is the mineral deposit left on the pad when the water evaporates. While bleeding-off is better than nothing, a much better practice is to dump all the water from the trough and replenish with fresh water that in turn helps to flush the containments out of the cool cell pads. How often the trough needs to be drained depends on the hardness of the water and how often the evaporative system operates. Monitoring the PH level is a useful method to determine when to change the water with readings above 8.5 indicating an excessive mineral buildup.

一般工業(yè)上的標準做法是排放一部分循環(huán)水，防止水簾紙里水垢的堆積。水垢是由水蒸發(fā)后遺留在水簾紙上的礦物質(zhì)沉積物。最好的方法是將水槽里的水全部排出，然后補入新鮮水，這更有利于沖刷水簾紙里的沉積物。水槽需要多久排一次水取決于水質(zhì)的硬度和水簾系統(tǒng)運行的頻率。監(jiān)測PH值是決定何時換水的一個很有效的辦法，通常水的PH值超過8.5以上時就表明礦物質(zhì)過量堆積。

Use Preventive Chemical Treatments. 使用化學藥劑

Paired with frequent water flushing, adding descalers and microbicides to the recirculating water pays big dividends in extending pad life. Descalers help keep minerals in suspension for more efficient flushing while microbicides reduce the growth and buildup of algae, bacterial and fungal slimes on the pads.   Never use chlorine bleaches to kill algae. Chlorine attacks the glue in the pads causing delamination.

在循環(huán)用水中加入除垢劑和殺菌劑，配合定期的沖洗，有利于延長水簾紙的使用壽命。除垢劑能使礦物質(zhì)處于懸浮狀態(tài)，更容易被沖洗，而殺菌劑可以減少水簾紙里藻類、細菌、真菌的滋長和沉積。切勿使用含氯漂白劑來去除藻類，氯會破壞水簾紙上的膠水，引起剝離脫層。

Adjust the Float. 調(diào)整浮球閥

One of the most common reasons for premature failure occurs when water logged pad bottoms become soft and sag down.   Just because water doesn't spill out of the trough when the system shuts down doesn't mean the float is adjusted correctly. When properly set the water level should be 1" below the bottom of the pads. It is critical to check the water level in new installations after running the system for several days.

Be on the lookout for trough levelness to change as the building settles and the framing shifts. Also, as the pads age, they retain more water making float valve adjustments necessary.  

浮球閥調(diào)整不正確是導致水簾系統(tǒng)過早失效的常見原因，但是我們不能簡單地認為當水簾系統(tǒng)關(guān)閉時，水槽里的水不溢出來就代表浮球閥調(diào)整正確了。水位過高會導致水簾紙底部浸泡在水中，導致水簾紙變軟、甚至下垂。正確的調(diào)整方式是將水位控制在水簾紙底部1英寸（約2.54cm）處。新安裝的水簾系統(tǒng)在運行了幾天后，對水位進行檢查是非常重要的。

隨著豬舍建筑的沉降和結(jié)構(gòu)框架的老化，對于水槽的水平度變化需要注意。除此以外，隨著水簾紙老化，水槽里要保留更多的水，對浮球閥進行調(diào)整十分有必要。

Clean the Trash Out 清除垃圾

Trash and debris in the pump trap and water line filters reduce the amount of water circulating through the system. A telltale sign of reduced water flow is dry or streaked pads at the end opposite of the pump. Failing to remove debris from the trash basket on a jet pump also reduces its useful life. Clean the holes in the distribution pipe whenever dry streaks appear on the pad. Open the ball valve on distribution pipe opposite the pump end and run the system to flush out any gunk from inside the pipe at least once a month.

水泵水閥和水管過濾器里的垃圾和碎片會減少系統(tǒng)循環(huán)的水量。循環(huán)水量減少的一個最顯著的標志就是水泵另一端的水簾紙變干或者出現(xiàn)干的條紋。噴射泵過濾網(wǎng)中的碎片不及時清理也會降低泵的使用壽命。當水簾紙變干或者出現(xiàn)干的條紋時，及時清理噴水管上的小孔。打開水簾噴水管末端的排水閥，啟動系統(tǒng)，將水管內(nèi)的垃圾沖刷掉，建議每月至少進行一次。

Winterize the System. 防凍保護

Shutting off the water supply and draining the system are the basics for preparing an evaporative system for winter. In addition, remove the pump from the system and move it to inside storage. Just disconnecting the plumbing fittings and leaving the pump in place leads to damaged impellers and cracked housings.  

關(guān)閉供水并排空系統(tǒng)內(nèi)殘留的水是為水簾系統(tǒng)入冬做準備的基本內(nèi)容。除此以外，將水泵拆卸，并搬至舍內(nèi)存放。僅拆卸管道配件并把水泵放在原位的話，會導致水泵葉輪損壞，殼體開裂。

Performing basic maintenance allows evaporative cooling systems to operate efficiently and delays costly pad replacement.

日常的保養(yǎng)和維護既能保證水簾系統(tǒng)高效運行，又能延長水簾紙使用壽命。

工作中越是最基本的環(huán)節(jié)，越不能被忽視。在當前非洲豬瘟大環(huán)境下，豬場必須盡可能減少與外界接觸，做好設備各方面的保養(yǎng)和維護，才能夠保證豬場生產(chǎn)運轉(zhuǎn)的高效穩(wěn)定和豬群生長環(huán)境的健康安全。